为了提倡研究基于深度学习的机器故障检测系统的研究，我们根据微小的声音数据集对拟议系统进行了案例研究。我们的案例研究调查了一个变异自动编码器（VAE），用于增强Valmet AB的小型钻头数据集。一个气门数据集包含134种声音，分为两类：从Valmet AB的一台钻机中记录的“异常”和“正常”，这是瑞典Sundsvall的一家公司，该公司为生物燃料的生产提供设备和流程。使用深度学习模型来检测如此小的声音数据集上的故障钻头通常没有成功。我们采用了VAE来通过合成原始声音的新声音来增加微小数据集中的声音数量。增强数据集是通过将这些合成的声音与原始声音相结合来创建的。我们使用了一个高通滤波器，其通带频率为1000 Hz和一个具有22 \ kern的Passband频率的低通滤波器0.16667EM000 Hz，以在增强数据集中的预处理声音中，然后将其转换为MEL频谱图。然后使用这些MEL频谱图对预训练的2D-CNN ALEXNET进行训练。与使用原始的小声音数据集进行训练预先训练的Alexnet时，使用增强声音数据集将CNN模型的分类结果提高了6.62 \％（94.12 \％（在增强数据集对87.5 \％训练的原始训练时，接受了87.5 \％）数据集）。

Denoising是从声音信号中消除噪音的过程，同时提高声音信号的质量和充分性。 Denoising Sound在语音处理，声音事件分类和机器故障检测系统中有许多应用。本文介绍了一种创建自动编码器来映射噪声机器声音以清洁声音的方法。声音中有几种类型的噪声，例如，环境噪声和信号处理方法产生的频率依赖性噪声。环境活动产生的噪音是环境噪声。在工厂中，可以通过车辆，钻探，人员在调查区，风和流水中进行交谈来产生环境噪音。这些噪音在声音记录中显示为尖峰。在本文的范围内，我们证明了以高斯分布和环境噪声的消除，并以感应电动机的水龙头水龙头噪声为特定示例。对所提出的方法进行了训练和验证，并在49个正常功能声音和197个水平错位故障声音（Mafaulda）中进行了验证。均方根误差（MSE）用作评估标准，用于评估使用拟议的自动编码器和测试集中的原始声音在deno的声音之间的相似性。当Denoise在正常函数类别的15个测试声音上两种类型的噪声时，MSE低于或等于0.14。当在水平错位故障类别上降低60个测试声音时，MSE低于或等于0.15。低MSE表明，生成的高斯噪声和环境噪声几乎都通过拟议的训练有素的自动编码器从原始声音中删除。

基于传感器的自动评估痴呆症患者的挑战行为是支持选择干预措施的重要任务。但是，由于患者间和病人的差异很大，预测诸如冷漠和躁动之类的行为具有挑战性。本文的目的是通过利用患者在一天中或一周中的某些时间表现出特定行为的观察来提高识别性能。我们建议通过聚类时间段的注释分布来识别类似行为的段。群集中的所有时间段然后由相似的行为组成，因此表明行为倾向（BPD）。我们通过为每个BPD培训分类器来利用BPD。从经验上讲，我们证明，当知道每个时间段的BPD时，活动识别性能可以大大提高。

背景：虽然卷积神经网络（CNN）实现了检测基于磁共振成像（MRI）扫描的阿尔茨海默病（AD）痴呆的高诊断准确性，但它们尚未应用于临床常规。这是一个重要原因是缺乏模型可理解性。最近开发的用于导出CNN相关性图的可视化方法可能有助于填补这种差距。我们调查了具有更高准确性的模型还依赖于先前知识预定义的判别脑区域。方法：我们培训了CNN，用于检测痴呆症和Amnestic认知障碍（MCI）患者的N = 663 T1加权MRI扫描的AD，并通过交叉验证和三个独立样本验证模型的准确性= 1655例。我们评估了相关评分和海马体积的关联，以验证这种方法的临床效用。为了提高模型可理解性，我们实现了3D CNN相关性图的交互式可视化。结果：跨三个独立数据集，组分离表现出广告痴呆症与控制的高精度（AUC $ \ GEQUQ $ 0.92）和MCI与控制的中等精度（AUC $ \约0.75美元）。相关性图表明海马萎缩被认为是广告检测的最具信息性因素，其其他皮质和皮质区域中的萎缩额外贡献。海马内的相关评分与海马体积高度相关（Pearson的r $ \大约$ -0.86，p <0.001）。结论：相关性地图突出了我们假设先验的地区的萎缩。这加强了CNN模型的可理解性，这些模型基于扫描和诊断标签以纯粹的数据驱动方式培训。

Logic Mill is a scalable and openly accessible software system that identifies semantically similar documents within either one domain-specific corpus or multi-domain corpora. It uses advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to generate numerical representations of documents. Currently it leverages a large pre-trained language model to generate these document representations. The system focuses on scientific publications and patent documents and contains more than 200 million documents. It is easily accessible via a simple Application Programming Interface (API) or via a web interface. Moreover, it is continuously being updated and can be extended to text corpora from other domains. We see this system as a general-purpose tool for future research applications in the social sciences and other domains.

The analysis of network structure is essential to many scientific areas, ranging from biology to sociology. As the computational task of clustering these networks into partitions, i.e., solving the community detection problem, is generally NP-hard, heuristic solutions are indispensable. The exploration of expedient heuristics has led to the development of particularly promising approaches in the emerging technology of quantum computing. Motivated by the substantial hardware demands for all established quantum community detection approaches, we introduce a novel QUBO based approach that only needs number-of-nodes many qubits and is represented by a QUBO-matrix as sparse as the input graph's adjacency matrix. The substantial improvement on the sparsity of the QUBO-matrix, which is typically very dense in related work, is achieved through the novel concept of separation-nodes. Instead of assigning every node to a community directly, this approach relies on the identification of a separation-node set, which -- upon its removal from the graph -- yields a set of connected components, representing the core components of the communities. Employing a greedy heuristic to assign the nodes from the separation-node sets to the identified community cores, subsequent experimental results yield a proof of concept. This work hence displays a promising approach to NISQ ready quantum community detection, catalyzing the application of quantum computers for the network structure analysis of large scale, real world problem instances.

The following article presents a memetic algorithm with applying deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for solving practically oriented dual resource constrained flexible job shop scheduling problems (DRC-FJSSP). In recent years, there has been extensive research on DRL techniques, but without considering realistic, flexible and human-centered shopfloors. A research gap can be identified in the context of make-to-order oriented discontinuous manufacturing as it is often represented in medium-size companies with high service levels. From practical industry projects in this domain, we recognize requirements to depict flexible machines, human workers and capabilities, setup and processing operations, material arrival times, complex job paths with parallel tasks for bill of material (BOM) manufacturing, sequence-depended setup times and (partially) automated tasks. On the other hand, intensive research has been done on metaheuristics in the context of DRC-FJSSP. However, there is a lack of suitable and generic scheduling methods that can be holistically applied in sociotechnical production and assembly processes. In this paper, we first formulate an extended DRC-FJSSP induced by the practical requirements mentioned. Then we present our proposed hybrid framework with parallel computing for multicriteria optimization. Through numerical experiments with real-world data, we confirm that the framework generates feasible schedules efficiently and reliably. Utilizing DRL instead of random operations leads to better results and outperforms traditional approaches.

Multi-document summarization (MDS) has traditionally been studied assuming a set of ground-truth topic-related input documents is provided. In practice, the input document set is unlikely to be available a priori and would need to be retrieved based on an information need, a setting we call open-domain MDS. We experiment with current state-of-the-art retrieval and summarization models on several popular MDS datasets extended to the open-domain setting. We find that existing summarizers suffer large reductions in performance when applied as-is to this more realistic task, though training summarizers with retrieved inputs can reduce their sensitivity retrieval errors. To further probe these findings, we conduct perturbation experiments on summarizer inputs to study the impact of different types of document retrieval errors. Based on our results, we provide practical guidelines to help facilitate a shift to open-domain MDS. We release our code and experimental results alongside all data or model artifacts created during our investigation.

The acquisition of high-quality human annotations through crowdsourcing platforms like Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is more challenging than expected. The annotation quality might be affected by various aspects like annotation instructions, Human Intelligence Task (HIT) design, and wages paid to annotators, etc. To avoid potentially low-quality annotations which could mislead the evaluation of automatic summarization system outputs, we investigate the recruitment of high-quality MTurk workers via a three-step qualification pipeline. We show that we can successfully filter out bad workers before they carry out the evaluations and obtain high-quality annotations while optimizing the use of resources. This paper can serve as basis for the recruitment of qualified annotators in other challenging annotation tasks.

We present NusaCrowd, a collaborative initiative to collect and unite existing resources for Indonesian languages, including opening access to previously non-public resources. Through this initiative, we have has brought together 137 datasets and 117 standardized data loaders. The quality of the datasets has been assessed manually and automatically, and their effectiveness has been demonstrated in multiple experiments. NusaCrowd's data collection enables the creation of the first zero-shot benchmarks for natural language understanding and generation in Indonesian and its local languages. Furthermore, NusaCrowd brings the creation of the first multilingual automatic speech recognition benchmark in Indonesian and its local languages. Our work is intended to help advance natural language processing research in under-represented languages.